Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery

Cataracts can cause visual impairment in diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects different parts of the eye and causes many complications and problems before, during and after intraocular surgeries. In this review, we will discuss the effects of diabetes on different aspects of cataract surgery and review the current management of diabetic cataracts. Careful preoperative examination of the patient's ocular surface, cornea, iris and posterior segment, as well as the use of advanced phacoemulsification techniques, new intraocular lenses (IOLs) and the appropriate use of auxiliary medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) have improved the outcomes of cataract surgery in diabetic patients...

PURPOSE: To compare rotational stability of the Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) between horizontal and vertical implantation. SETTING: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, China. DESIGN: Prospective 1:1 matched design. METHODS: 94 cases (185 eyes with a vertical elliptical ciliary sulcus) were included with a 1:1 matched design based on ciliary sulcus morphology, preset deviation angle, and vault. Follow-ups at 4 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery measured rotational angles using slit-lamp photography...

PURPOSE: To objectively quantify posterior capsule opacification (PCO) using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-ASOCT) in pseudophakic eyes. SETTING: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: One hundred and eighty eyes with PCO (37 multifocal intraocular lenses [MfIOLs] and 143 monofocal intraocular lenses [MoIOLs]) were enrolled. The PCO Irregular Degree (PID), defined to evaluate the surface irregularity of PCO, the average and maximum thickness of PCO (AT-PCO, MT-PCO) were applied to quantify PCO based on SS-ASOCT (CASIA2) images...

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the rotational stability and visual performance of the enVista toric intraocular lens (IOL) (MX60ET) in cataract patients with pre-existing astigmatism. SETTING: 6 US sites. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter. METHODS: Cataract patients ≥18 years with pre-existing astigmatism (0.77 D to 4.53 D) underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of enVista toric IOL (MX60ET). Outcome measures were the proportion of patients with absolute IOL axis rotation of ≤5°, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities (UDVA and CDVA) at 4 m, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) at 66 cm, manifest refraction, and adverse events (AEs)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: Distinguishing early Keratoconus (KC) from normal corneas is challenging owing to their striking similarities. The aim of our study was to identify discriminating parameters to differentiate a normal cornea from a Form Fruste Keratoconus (FFKC) with the Swept-Source (SS) OCT-topography CASIA 2 (Tomey,Japan) using machine learning artificial intelligence algorithms. SETTING: The study was monocentric, carried out in Bordeaux. DESIGN: This was a retrospective study, case control...

This study comprehensively reviewed publicly available image datasets for the anterior segment, with a focus on cataract, refractive, and corneal surgery. The goal was to assess characteristics of existing datasets and identify areas for improvement. PubMED and Google searches were performed using the search terms "refractive surgery", "anterior segment", "cornea", "corneal", "cataract" AND "database", with the related word of "imaging". Results of each of these searches were collated, identifying 26 publicly available anterior segment image datasets...

One of the most impactful recent developments in the glaucoma community has been the concept of interventional glaucoma. In brief, this paradigm shift involves proactive rather than reactive intervention to address glaucoma earlier in the disease process, including in both standalone and combination-cataract settings. By intervening earlier with minimally-invasive surgical, laser, or drug-delivery treatments instead of prolonged topical medications, interventional glaucoma aims to take the burden of medication compliance off the patient...

PURPOSE: To compare intraindividually the incidence and intensity of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates between two similar open-loop single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) differing slightly in their particular material, optic surface and sharp posterior edge design over a period of 3 years. SETTING: Department of Opthalmology, Medical University Vienna. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, patient- and examiner-masked clinical trial with intraindividual comparison...

PURPOSE: To report functional and refractive outcomes of manual arcuate keratotomy (AK) with compression sutures for high regular postkeratoplasty astigmatism.Setting: not specified (review). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. METHODS: This study included 90 eyes with high regular postkeratoplasty astigmatism (>4 diopters, D) who received AK with compression sutures between 2010 and 2022. Functional and refractive outcomes were assessed by evaluating topographic indices and by performing vector astigmatism and Fourier analysis...

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the dynamic vault range (DVR) as well as the asymmetry of the vault during a 3-month follow-up after the implantation of two posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs). SETTING: Aver Clinic, Madrid, Spain. DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. METHODS: One hundred and nineteen eyes (65 patients) that underwent refractive surgical correction with implantation of one of two distinct pIOLs were enrolled: Eyecryl Phakic from Biotech Vision Care (Eyecryl group, 72 eyes) and Evo Visian Implantable Contact Lens from Staar Surgical (ICL group, 47 eyes)...

PURPOSE: We wanted to compare the refractive prediction errors (PEs) of formulas included in the ESCRS IOL power calculator to aid in informed decisions on IOL power selection based on the output of this tool. SETTING: Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston. DESIGN: Retrospective case-series. METHODS: We have included 748 eyes of 748 patients following implantation of one of 3 lenses, single-piece: the SN60WF (Alcon, USA), PCB00/ZCB00 (Tecnis, USA) and 3-piece: MA60MA (Alcon, USA)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate depth of focus (DOF) and visual acuities (VAs) by manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) and degree of preoperative corneal astigmatism with the IC-8® small aperture intraocular lens (SA IOL) (AptheraTM, Bausch & Lomb, Inc). SETTING: 21 investigational sites in the United States. DESIGN: Prospective, multi-center, open-label, parallel-group, non-randomized, examiner-masked, one-year clinical study. METHODS: Included patients had cataract and ≤1...

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of cylinder axis-flip following toric intraocular lens (TIOL) implantation on vision and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). SETTING: Teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. DESIGN: Post-hoc analysis of data from patients who participated in a prospective randomised study of TIOLs. METHODS: Axis-flip was defined as a change in post-operative refractive cylinder axis of 900 +/- 22...

PURPOSE: To investigate if phacoemulsification experience impacts and transfers to the skill acquisition of novices in manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) within a simulation environment. SETTING: Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Denmark. DESIGN: Prospective controlled experimental study. METHODS: The study included 29 residents or specialist in ophthalmology with no prior MSICS experience...

PURPOSE: To compare time and resource-saving with integration of digital cataract workflow to the existing workflow in high-volume cataract surgery clinics. SETTING: L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India (Site 1) and Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, India (Site 2). DESIGN: Prospective, time-and-motion. METHODS: The total time to complete each step (preoperative measurements, surgical planning, and surgical procedures) of the cataract workflow, number of data fields entered, and support staff required for both workflows were recorded...

TOPIC: Topical Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) for Management of Pain in Patients After Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Pain after PRK is a major concern for both patients and surgeons. While evidence supports the use of NSAIDs postoperatively, no consensus exists regarding the preferred regimen. The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of different topical NSAIDS. METHODS: The study was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (ID -CRD42023417651)...

PURPOSE: To assess the power profile and optical performance of two extended range of vision (ERV) intraocular lenses (IOLs), TECNIS® Eyhance (ICB00) and LuxSmartTM, and compare them with their monofocal counterpart lenses with similar platforms and materials: TECNIS® 1-piece (ZCB00) and LuxGoodTM, respectively. SETTING: Optics and Optometry Faculties of Complutense University (Madrid) and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech (Terrassa) in Spain...

PURPOSE: To determine whether dropless, injection-based cataract surgery prophylaxis with intracameral antibiotic and subconjunctival steroid may reduce healthcare system costs and patient out-of-pocket costs compared to topical medication regimens. SETTING: United States national medical expenditures database. DESIGN: Retrospective cost analysis. METHODS: Costs were analyzed for topical ophthalmics from the 2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) and for dropless medications from pharmaceutical invoices/catalogs...