Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

The number of umbrella reviews, the systematic reviews of all systematic reviews and meta-analyses in a specified subject, have increased exponentially in recent years. In February 2024, a PubMed search with the term "umbrella review" yielded 840 publications in 2023, compared with 77 in 2013, and 16 in 2003. As the number of scientific publications grows, also does the need to synthesize the current state of knowledge to guide research efforts, clinical practice, and health policies.1 , 2 .

OBJECTIVE: There is emerging evidence for an increased prevalence of autism in children of mothers with a migration background. To date, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. We investigated whether prenatal stress exposure mediates the association between maternal migration and child autistic traits, assessing first- and second-generation migrant mothers in the Netherlands and their children. METHOD: The study was embedded in the prospective population-based Generation R cohort...

OBJECTIVE: Dramatic increases in rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) among youth highlights the need to pinpoint early risk factors. This study used intensive longitudinal sampling to assess concurrent associations between risk factors and STB status, how proximal changes in risk factors were related to STB status, and how risk factors prospectively predicted changes in STB status in a preadolescent sample enriched for early childhood psychopathology. METHOD: 192 participants were included from the Study Y, a longitudinal study of children with and without preschool depression...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: War profoundly impacts people's lives, causing death, displacement and psychological trauma but limited research has investigated adolescents' suicidality in this context. We compared suicidality or self-harm behavior among adolescents in regions that were, and were not, affected by Russia's initial invasion of Ukraine in 2014. METHOD: This cross-sectional study comprised 2,752 school students aged 11-17 years from war-affected Donetsk region and non-war Kirovograd region...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Impulsivity contributes to many clinically relevant behaviors impacting youth. We conducted a scoping review to characterize existing research using the Urgency, Premeditation (lack of), Perseverance (lack of), Sensation Seeking (UPPS) Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS) Impulsive Behavior Scales in youth populations; to review its psychometric and validity data; and to summarize findings related to sex/gender and diagnostic populations of youth. METHOD: PubMed, Embase, and PsycNET databases were searched from 1 January 2001 (original UPPS publication) through 2 October 2022 according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines...

OBJECTIVE: Dramatic changes in state-level cannabis laws (CL) over the past 25 years have shifted societal beliefs throughout the US with unknown implications for youth. In the present study we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis examining estimated effects of medical CL (MCL) and recreational CL (RCL) on past-month cannabis use among US youth. METHOD: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines followed by a subsequent meta-analysis investigating the associations between state-level cannabis laws (i...

OBJECTIVE: In 2014, the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse released the "Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment," summarizing previously established evidence and outlining principles of effective assessment, treatment, and aftercare for substance use disorders (SUD). Winters et al. (2018) updated these principles to be developmentally appropriate for adolescents. This review builds on that formative work and recommends updated adolescent assessment, treatment, and aftercare principles and practices...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Resource deprivation is linked to systemic factors that disproportionately impact historically marginalized communities, and theoretical work suggests resource deprivation may increase risk for bullying behaviors. Bullying perpetration is an intransigent social problem and an early risk factor that perpetuates the school-to-prison pipeline. We explored how resource deprivation (family and neighborhood level metrics) was associated with early childhood bullying behaviors and clinician-rated symptoms of psychopathology, while accounting for other known risk factors (early life stressors, traumatic events, parental arrest, domestic violence)...

OBJECTIVE: Parents play a notable role in the development of child psychopathology. In this study we investigate the role of parent psychopathology and behaviors on child brain-symptom networks to understand the role of intergenerational transmission of psychopathology. Few studies have documented the interaction of child psychopathology, parent psychopathology, and child neuroimaging. METHOD: We utilized the baseline cohort of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Developmen Study (N=7,151, female-at-birth=3,619, ages 9-11 years) to derive brain-symptom networks using sparse canonical correlation analysis with the Child Behavior Checklist and resting-state fMRI...

OBJECTIVE: Black youth are disproportionately exposed to school exclusionary discipline. We examined the impact of race on age at the onset of school disciplinary actions and police contact, and the rate of receiving increasingly severe disciplinary actions. METHOD: Youth (N = 2,156) and their caregivers participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Social Development (ABCD-SD) study reported on the occurrence and timing of disciplinary events, the youth's demographics, delinquency, and their neighborhood conditions...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how common and impairing body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is in the general population of youth. We evaluated the prevalence, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment associated with BDD and more broadly defined appearance preoccupation in young people. METHOD: Data were drawn from the 2017 Mental Health of Children and Young People in England survey. BDD and psychiatric comorbidity were assessed in 5-19 year olds (N = 7,654) according to DSM-5 criteria, using a clinician-rated standardized diagnostic assessment...

The past decade has seen scientific advances that have provided an unprecedented window into the earliest years of human brain development.1 These discoveries have corroborated what many have long hypothesized: the human brain does not develop in isolation, but through close interactions with its environment. Evidence converges to support the critical importance of the parent-child relationship-the immediate caregiving environment that comprises foundational building blocks of the child's early socioemotional development...

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been diagnosed in 9.8% of children ages 3 to 17 years in the United States according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data from 2016 to 2019, and 62% of children with ADHD take medication as part of their treatment.1 Due to their well-established safety profile and high efficacy, central nervous system stimulants are used as first-line treatment for symptom reduction in children with ADHD.2 For each patient, benefits of stimulant medications must be weighed against risks, which may include appetite suppression and weight loss in children...

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have characterized the nature of sleep problems among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using polysomnography (PSG). Additionally, although adolescents with ADHD and those with sleep disturbances display similar neurocognitive deficits, the role of sleep in contributing to neurocognitive impairment in adolescent ADHD is unknown. This study investigates differences in PSG-measured sleep among adolescents with ADHD versus non-psychiatric controls (NPC) and associations with neurocognition...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have considered the neural underpinnings of binge eating disorder (BED) in children despite clinical and subclinical symptom presentation occurring in this age group. Symptom presentation at this age is of clinical relevance, as early onset of binge eating is linked to negative health outcomes. Studies in adults have highlighted dysfunction in the frontostriatal reward system as a potential candidate for binge eating pathophysiology although the exact nature of such dysfunction is currently unclear...