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OBJECTIVE: To examine the hepatic effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) through a head-to-head comparison with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) or thiazolidinediones (TZD) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). DESIGN: This population-based cohort study was conducted using a nationwide healthcare claims database (2014-2022) of Korea. We included individuals with MASLD (aged ≥40 years) who initiated SGLT-2i or comparator drugs (GLP-1RA or TZD)...

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BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal cancers comprise nearly one-third of global mortality from cancer, yet the comprehensive global burden of these cancers remains uninvestigated. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the global, regional and national burden of gastrointestinal cancers. DESIGNS: Data on oesophagus, gastric, colorectal, liver, pancreas and biliary tract cancers were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised death rate (ASDR) were calculated by sex, region and Sociodemographic Index (SDI)...

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The absolute number of annual cases of gastric cancer in Europe is rising. The Council of the European Union has recommended implementation of gastric cancer screening for countries or regions with a high gastric cancer incidence and death rates. However, as of 2024 no organised gastric cancer screening programme has been launched in Europe.There are several ways to decrease gastric cancer burden, but the screen and treat strategy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) seems to be the most appropriate for Europe...

OBJECTIVE: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stands as one of the most lethal cancers, marked by its lethality and limited treatment options, including the utilisation of checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy. Epigenetic dysregulation is a defining feature of tumourigenesis that is implicated in immune surveillance, but remains elusive in PDAC. DESIGN: To identify the factors that modulate immune surveillance, we employed in vivo epigenetic-focused CRISPR-Cas9 screen in mouse PDAC tumour models engrafted in either immunocompetent or immunodeficient mice...

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to improve the efficacy of CLDN18.2/CD3 bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) as a promising immunotherapy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). DESIGN: Humanised hCD34+ /hCD3e+ , Trp53R172H KrasG12D Pdx1-Cre (KPC), pancreas-specific Cldn18.2 knockout (KO), fibroblast-specific Fcgr1 KO and patient-derived xenograft/organoid mouse models were constructed. Flow cytometry, Masson staining, Cell Titer Glo assay, virtual drug screening, molecular docking and chromatin immunoprecipitation were conducted...

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Epidemiological and translational data increasingly implicate environmental pollutants in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, the global incidence of IBD has been rising, particularly in developing countries, in parallel with the increased use of chemicals and synthetic materials in daily life and escalating pollution levels. Recent nationwide and ecological studies have reported associations between agricultural pesticides and IBD, particularly Crohn's disease. Exposure to other chemical categories has also been linked with an increased risk of IBD...

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INTRODUCTION: The environmental impact of endoscopy is a topic of growing interest. This study aimed to compare the carbon footprint of performing an esogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with a reusable (RU) or with a single-use (SU) disposable gastroscope. METHODS: SU (Ambu aScope Gastro) and RU gastroscopes (Olympus, H190) were evaluated using life cycle assessment methodology (ISO 14040) including the manufacture, distribution, usage, reprocessing and disposal of the endoscope...

Advancements in omics technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies are fuelling our progress towards personalised diagnosis, prognosis and treatment strategies in hepatology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of AI methods used for analysis of omics data in liver diseases. We present an overview of the prevalence of different omics levels across various liver diseases, as well as categorise the AI methodology used across the studies. Specifically, we highlight the predominance of transcriptomic and genomic profiling and the relatively sparse exploration of other levels such as the proteome and methylome, which represent untapped potential for novel insights...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.