Diabetes Care

OBJECTIVE: HELP PD was a clinical trial of 301 adults with prediabetes. Participants were randomized to enhanced usual care (EUC) or to a lifestyle weight loss (LWL) intervention led by community health workers that consisted of a 6-month intensive phase (phase 1) and 18 months of maintenance (phase 2). At 24 months, participants were asked to enroll in phase 3 to assess whether continued group maintenance (GM) sessions would maintain improvements realized in phases 1 and 2 compared with self-directed maintenance (SM) or EUC...

OBJECTIVE: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are suspected endocrine disruptors widely detected across populations. We examine the extent to which PFASs are associated with diabetes incidence and microvascular disease. Secondarily, we tested whether a lifestyle intervention modifies associations and decreases concentrations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 957 participants from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial and Outcomes Study (DPPOS)...

OBJECTIVE: Whether diabetes mellitus (DM) increases risk of gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial because of inadequate adjustments for important risk factors, including Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection status, concomitant medication use, and cancer site. We investigated whether type 2 DM increased risk of GC in patients after they received treatment for HP infection. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a territory-wide cohort study of patients aged ≥45 years who had received clarithromycin-based triple therapy for HP infection between 2003 and 2012 in Hong Kong...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) contributes to risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In the general population, consumption of a diet containing few fruits and vegetables predisposes to type 2 diabetes. The role of diet as a potential modifiable risk factor for PTDM has not been explored. Our focus was to investigate the prospective associations of fruit and vegetable intake with risk of PTDM in stable RTRs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We included 472 adult RTRs who had a functioning graft ≥1 year...

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OBJECTIVE: Microvascular complications are common among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of heart failure (HF) is presumed to be due to macrovascular disease (typically HF with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF] following myocardial infarction). We hypothesized that HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with DM may be a manifestation of microvascular disease compared with HFrEF. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and association with clinical outcome of microvascular complications in patients with HF and DM...

OBJECTIVE: Pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes (PCDM) is a paraneoplastic phenomenon accounting for 1% of new-onset diabetes. We aim to identify the mediators of PCDM and evaluate their usefulness in distinguishing PCDM from type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Secreted proteins of MIA PaCa-2 cells were identified by proteomics, and those with ≥10-fold overexpression in transcriptome analysis were assessed by bioinformatics and glucose uptake assay to identify candidate factors...

OBJECTIVE: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events (CVEs), and mortality than the general population. We hypothesized that two previously published biomarkers, namely PRO-C6, a biomarker of collagen type VI formation, and C3M, a biomarker of collagen type III degradation, may be associated with impaired renal function and have prognostic value for adverse renal, CVE, and mortality in patients with T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: PRO-C6 and C3M in serum (sPRO-C6, sC3M) and urine (uPRO-C6, uC3M) were measured by ELISA in 663 patients with T1D ranging from normoalbuminuric to macroalbuminuric...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine optimal blood pressure (BP) thresholds for minimizing coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in people with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) Study participants without known CAD at baseline ( n = 605) were included and followed for 25 years. The associations of time-weighted BP measures (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], and mean arterial pressure [MAP]) with incident CAD were examined by using Cox models...

OBJECTIVE: Using real world data (RWD) from three U.S. claims datasets, we aim to predict the findings of the CAROLINA trial comparing linagliptin vs. glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at increased cardiovascular risk, using a novel framework that requires passing prespecified validity checks before analyzing the primary outcome. METHODS: Within Medicare and two commercial claims datasets (05/2011-09/2015), we identified a 1:1 propensity-score-matched (PSM) cohort of T2D patients 40-85 years old at increased cardiovascular risk who initiated linagliptin or glimepiride, adapting eligibility criteria from CAROLINA...

OBJECTIVE: Observations of a metabolically unhealthy normal weight phenotype suggest that a lack of favorable adiposity contributes to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to identify causal blood biomarkers linking favorable adiposity with type 2 diabetes risk for use in cardiometabolic risk assessments. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) underpinning metabolically favorable adiposity was validated in the UK Biobank ( n = 341,872) and the Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN Trial) ( n = 8,197) and tested for association with 238 blood biomarkers...

OBJECTIVE: Pediatric hepatic steatosis is highly prevalent and closely related to type 2 diabetes. To determine whether the addition of supervised exercise to a family-based lifestyle and psycho-educational intervention results in greater reduction of percentage of hepatic fat (HF), adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight/obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study subjects of this nonrandomized, two-arm, parallel design clinical trial were 116 overweight/obese children (10...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: There are no specific treatment guidelines for diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. High-quality studies are warranted to investigate whether the use of antidiabetic medications has survival benefit in individuals with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. The objective was to determine the risk of mortality associated with the use of antidiabetic medications in individuals with pancreatic cancer-related diabetes (PCRD) and postpancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Nationwide pharmaceutical dispensing data (2006-2015) linked to hospital discharge data were used to identify 1,862 individuals with PCRD or PPDM...

OBJECTIVE: We examined young adults with and young adults without diabetes by using demographic data and cardiometabolic risk profiles and compared the risk profiles of younger versus older (aged ≥45 years) adults with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. Diabetes was defined by self-report of health care provider diagnosis or by A1C levels of 6.5% or higher among those without a self-reported diagnosis...

OBJECTIVE: Persons with diabetes but no chronic kidney disease (CKD) and without albuminuria have the same age-related decline in kidney function as the background population. Whether this also applies following moderate loss in kidney function is unknown. We quantified the impact of albuminuria status on the development of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) trajectories following CKD stage 3 (CKD3) and assessed potential heterogeneous development patterns among the subgroup with normoalbuminuria...

OBJECTIVE: Disturbed eating behavior (DEB) is prevalent in youth with type 1 diabetes and is accompanied by an increased risk for complications, morbidity, and mortality. Prospective studies on DEB in the challenging transition to adulthood are scarce. This longitudinal study examined DEB over a 1-year period and investigated the directionality of effects linking DEB to diabetes-specific functioning and depressive symptoms in adolescents and emerging adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Three hundred youth (16-28 years) with type 1 diabetes participated in a two-wave longitudinal study...