Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of identifying epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation molecular subtypes in primary lesions based on the radiomics features of lung adenocarcinoma brain metastases using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical, imaging, and genetic testing data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR gene mutations who had brain metastases. Three-dimensional radiomics features were extracted from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images...

INTRODUCTION: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) infection is a severe complication. Early diagnosis could help to decrease morbidity and treatment costs. Lactate has been used for the diagnosis of other central nervous system infections. The aim of this study is to determine the usefulness of lactate for the diagnosis of VPS infection. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective cohort study. Lactate was measured in patients who consulted with VPS dysfunction between May 2019 and May 2022...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and the major non-traumatic cause of permanent disability in young adults. Several migration studies have been performed over the years suggesting a pattern of higher disease disability in certain ethnic groups. To our knowledge, differences in disease progression in immigrants have not been studied in Sweden before. Thus, the aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence of multiple sclerosis among first-generation immigrants in the City of Malmö and to compare differences in disease severity with the native population...

OBJECTIVES: There is a scarcity of data regarding the effects of kinesiophobia on stroke patients with hemiplegia. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the level of kinesiophobia experienced by stroke patients with hemiplegia in China, examine the elements that influence it, and investigate the unique psychological experience of kinesiophobia combined with a qualitative study. METHODS: This mixed study was conducted in two steps. Four approved scales were used to evaluate a total of 163 patients: (i) Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, (ii) Pain Catastrophizing Scale, (iii) Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, and (iv) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale...

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) of the elderly is a devastating form of stroke with a high morbidity and economic burden. There is still a limited understanding of the risk factors for an unfavorable outcome where a surgical therapy may be less meaningful. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify factors associated with unfavorable outcome and time to death in surgically treated elderly patients with SICH. METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective study of 70 patients (age > 60 years) with SICH operated between 2008 and 2020...

BACKGROUND: Septated chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH) have high rates of recurrence despite surgical evacuation. Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has emerged as a promising adjuvant for secondary prevention, yet its efficacy remains ill-defined. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of septated cSDH cases treated at our institution. The surgery-only group was derived from cases performed before 2018, and the surgery+MMAE group was derived from cases performed 2018 or later...

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the subsequent Post-traumatic seizure (PTS) is a growing public health concern. Generally, anti-seizure drugs (ASDs) are recommended for PTS prophylaxis and treatment. This meta-analysis aimed to review the current state of knowledge and the evidence for the efficacy and safety of Levetiracetam (LEV) on the incidence of seizure in TBI patients compared to Phenytoin (PHT). METHODS: A search was carried out based on PubMed, MEDLINE, Europe PMC database, and Cochrane Library up to November 2023...

BACKGROUND: The percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) is a safe and simple treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. It works by compressing the Gasserian ganglion to block pain signals from the trigeminal nerve. To ensure effectiveness, it is important to focus the compression on the lower part of the balloon. OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy of a riveting technique, specifically pulling an inflated balloon, in order to apply enhanced compression on the ganglion...

BACKGROUND: We describe the efficacy and safety of recent high efficacy disease DMTs in DMT-naive patients with highly active RMS. METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross sectional study from the Kuwait national MS registry. Patients with RMS who received alemtuzumab, cladribine tablets or ocrelizumab as their first DMT for RMS, with ≥2 year of follow up were included. The primary endpoint was the change in relapse rate from treatment initiation to 1 year; changes in disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]), radiologic activity, the proportion with no evidence of disease activity-3 (NEDA-3), and the frequency of adverse events were secondary endpoints...

Hypoxia is a prevalent characteristic of numerous neurological disorders including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute particles released by cells that contain diverse biological materials, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They have been implicated in a range of physiological and pathological processes including intercellular communication, immune responses, and disease progression. EVs are believed to play a pivotal role in modulating the microenvironment of hypoxia-associated neurological diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Pineal region lesions can result in tectal plate compression, hydrocephalus, and associated symptoms including headache, Parinaud's Syndrome, and epileptic phenomena. No studies have looked at the relationship between these lesions and the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: To evaluate the clinical presentation of pineal lesions secondary to tectal plate compression with a focus on autonomic dysfunction, a systematic review was completed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines...

BACKGROUND: The trajectory of early neurological changes in patients with acute ischemic stroke has been understudied. This study aimed to investigate the association between longitudinal trajectories of stroke severity and 90-day functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving endovascular treatment. METHODS: We enrolled patients from a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. The stroke severity was assessed with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale at the pre-procedure, 24 hours, and seven days after the procedure...

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BACKGROUND: Traumatic subdural effusion (TSDE) may increase progressively or evolve into chronic subdural hematoma. These events, defined as deterioration of the effusion, often require close observation or even surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the possibility of an effusion deteriorating in patients with TSDE based on the available clinical characteristics. METHODS: Clinical data from 78 patients with TSDE were retrospectively analyzed...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have reported various predictive indicators of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), but no consensus has not been reached. Although the efficiency of automated pupillometry in patients with consciousness disorder has been widely reported, there are few reports of its use in patients with DAI. This study aimed to investigate the significance of pupillary findings in predicting the prognosis of DAI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included patients admitted to our center with a diagnosis of DAI from June 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022...

This study investigated the effectiveness of three treatment interventions for managing migraine symptoms over a three-month assessment period: single greater occipital nerve block (GON), repetitive GON block, and single GON block combined with onabotulinium toxin A (BoNT-A) treatment. Significant improvements were observed across all treatment groups in various migraine-related parameters, including medication usage, frequency and severity of attacks, and subjective measures such as Headache Impact Test-6 scores and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores...

BACKGROUND: IIH is a severe form of headache that often has superimposed migraine and often it is very difficult to distinguish the two forms of headache. Intracranial hemodynamics is a relatively unexplored means of distinguishing between the two forms of headache. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to study intracranial flow dynamics using Transcranial Doppler in patients with IIH, migraine, and normal controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a hospital-based observational study that included 51 people with IIH, 87 people with migraine, and 101 healthy controls and all were subjected to TCD study after detailed clinical examination...

BACKGROUND: Second Window Indocyanine Green (SWIG) is a novel intraoperative imaging technique that uses near-infrared (NIR) light for intra-operative tumor visualization using the well-known fluorophore indocyanine green (ICG). Because schwannomas often incorporate the nerve into the encapsulated tumor and impinge on surrounding neural structures, SWIG is a promising technique to improve tumor resection while sparing the nerve. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the use of SWIG in resection of cranial nerve schwannomas...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There's an increasing body of evidence on vitamin D deficiency and the risk of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess serum vitamin D levels in patients with NMOSD versus healthy controls. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CNKI for publications up to November 2022 and explored the relationship between NMOSD and serum vitamin D levels. The standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.