journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375582/adverse-drug-reactions-attributed-to-generic-substitution-of-antiretroviral-medications-among-hiv-treatment-and-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-clients-in-british-columbia-canada
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine J Lepik, Olivia L Hunt, Nic Bacani, Lu Wang, Marianne Harris, Junine Toy, Taylor McLinden, Paul Sereda, Linda J Akagi, Erin Ready, Julio Sg Montaner, Rolando Barrios
BACKGROUND: In British Columbia, antiretrovirals (ARVs) for HIV treatment (HIV-Tx) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are free-of-charge through publicly-funded Drug Treatment Programs (DTPs). When available, less costly generics are substituted for brand-name ARVs. We describe the incidence and type of product substitution issue (PSI) adverse drug reactions (ADRs) attributed to generic ARVs. METHODS: Cohorts included DTP clients ≥19 years who received generic ARVs for HIV-Tx (abacavir-lamivudine, emtricitabine-tenofovir DF, efavirenz-emtricitabine-tenofovir DF, atazanavir or darunavir between 01 Jun 2017 and 30 Jun 2022) or PrEP (emtricitabine-tenofovir DF, 01 Apr 2018 to 30 Jun 2022)...
February 2024: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353416/failure-of-bamlanivimab-with-selection-of-e484k-mutation-in-an-allogeneic-stem-cell-transplant-recipient-with-nosocomial-sars-cov-2-infection
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inès Boussen, Maud Salmona, Flore Sicre De Fontbrune, Aliénor Xhaard, Nathalie De Castro, Constance Delaugerre, Marie-Laure Chaix, Jean-Michel Molina
We report the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with nosocomial acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection who received antispike neutralizing monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab 2 days after diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection but progressed to severe COVID-19 pneumonia and died with the selection of E484K/Q resistance mutations to bamlanivimab.
February 2024: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38085652/cross-resistance-to-entry-inhibitors-and-lenacapavir-resistance-through-week-52-in-study-capella
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Margot, Nina Pennetzdorfer, Vidula Naik, Martin Rhee, Christian Callebaut
BACKGROUND: Lenacapavir (LEN) is a first-in-class inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid function for the treatment of heavily treatment-experienced people with HIV (PWH) harbouring multidrug resistance in combination with an optimized background regimen (OBR). Here, we describe in vitro analysis of the interplay between entry inhibitors (EI; enfuvirtide, fostemsavir, ibalizumab, and maraviroc) susceptibility and LEN susceptibility in samples from 72 participants in the phase 2/3 CAPELLA study, as well as the emergence of resistance in CAPELLA through 52 weeks...
December 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38048138/dolutegravir-and-rilpivirine-as-successful-initial-antiretroviral-therapy-in-a-treatment-naive-patient-with-hiv-1-a-case-report
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Jawad Zafar, Bruce L Gilliam, Sarah A Schmalzle
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38037795/rvx-208-an-inducer-of-apolipoprotein-a-i-inhibits-the-particle-production-of-hepatitis-b-virus-through-activation-of-cgas-sting-pathway
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Shu, Lin Cheng, Kefei Yuan, Dan Liu, He Wei
BACKGROUND: Previously, we have demonstrated that Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) could inhibit the secretion of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), suggesting that stimulation of ApoA-I may block particle production. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-HBV effect of RVX-208, a small-molecule stimulator of ApoA-I gene expression. METHODS: RVX-208 was used to treat HepG2.2.15 cell, a HepG2 derived cell line stably producing HBV virus. Real-time PCR was performed to examine the HBV DNA levels...
December 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38031911/waitlist-controlled-trial-of-an-online-intervention-to-address-mental-health-among-older-people-living-with-hiv
#6
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Jeff Berko, Peter Mazonson, Duncan Short, Maile Karris, Lynsay Ehui, Cassidy A Gutner, Frank Spinelli, Andrew Zolopa
Background: Older people living with HIV (PLWH) often experience elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Methods: This waitlist-controlled trial examined the effectiveness of online audio mindfulness lessons in impacting these feelings among older PLWH. Results: Among 214 participants, the mean (SD) age was 60.4 (5.9) years, 89% were male, and 69% were white. After 25 days, the intervention group showed significant improvements versus the waitlist control group in symptoms of depression (20...
December 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37861754/subacute-thyroiditis-following-covid-19-vaccination-case-presentation
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Z Tomic, Sonja S Zafirovic, Zoran M Gluvic, Vladimir S Samardzic, Mirjana T Macvanin, Maja Lj Radunovic, Esma R Isenovic
Background: Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an organ-specific disease that various drugs, including COVID-19 vaccines, can trigger. COVID-19 infection has been associated with thyroid gland damage and disease SARS-CoV-2 direct action, euthyroid sick syndrome, and immune-mediated mechanisms are all potential mechanisms of thyroid damage. It denotes thyroid gland inflammation, most commonly of viral origin, and belongs to the transitory, self-limiting thyroid gland diseases group, causing complications in approximately 15% of patients in the form of permanent hypothyroidism...
October 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37846668/andrographolide-inhibits-infectious-bronchitis-virus-induced-apoptosis-pyroptosis-and-inflammation
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiachen Shen, Qiuchi Xu, Lu Chen, Xinyu Chang, Ruiting Shen, Zhenhua Zhao, Lifei Zhu, Yifei Wu, Xiaolin Hou
BACKGROUND: Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, causes a huge economic loss to the poultry industry. Andrographolide (APL) is a compound with a variety of pharmacological properties, including antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, APL was evaluated for antiviral activity by its anti-apoptotic, anti-pyroptosis, and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of APL was determined by the MTT method. We investigated the therapeutic impact of APL on IBV through a plate assay...
October 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37749751/hiv-drug-resistance-in-the-era-of-contemporary-antiretroviral-therapy-a-clinical-perspective
#9
REVIEW
Andrew Carr, Nicola E Mackie, Roger Paredes, Kiat Ruxrungtham
Contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens have high barriers to the development of drug resistance. However, resistance to earlier antiretrovirals and uncommon cases of resistance to contemporary ART illustrate the continued need for good clinical management of HIV drug resistance. Here, we describe HIV drug-resistance mechanisms, the interaction of HIV drug-resistant mutations and the patterns of drug resistance to contemporary ART. We then provide guidance on the management of HIV drug resistance, including how to limit the development of resistance and manage virologic failure that is complicated by resistance...
October 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37669909/computer-assisted-drug-discovery-of-potential-natural-inhibitors-of-the-sars-cov-2-rna-dependent-rna-polymerase-through-a-multi-phase-in-silico-approach
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eslam B Elkaeed, Bshra A Alsfouk, Tuqa H Ibrahim, Reem K Arafa, Hazem Elkady, Ibrahim M Ibrahim, Ibrahim H Eissa, Ahmed M Metwaly
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant loss of life and economic disruption worldwide. Currently, there are limited effective treatments available for this disease. SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (SARS-CoV-2 RdRp) has been identified as a potential target for drug development against COVID-19. Natural products have been shown to possess antiviral properties, making them a promising source for developing drugs against SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to identify the most effective natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp among a set of 4924 African natural products using a multi-phase in silico approach...
October 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37657421/retrospective-chart-review-of-transplant-recipients-with-cytomegalovirus-infection-who-received-maribavir-in-the-phase-3-solstice-trial-data-at-52%C3%A2-weeks-post-maribavir-treatment-initiation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marielle Bassel, Dorothy Romanus, Tien Bo, Aimee K Sundberg, Sandra Okala, Ishan Hirji
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a frequent complication in haematopoietic cell/solid organ transplant (HCT/SOT) recipients. Previous studies report all-cause mortality rates of 31% and 50% in HCT/SOT recipients post-treatment initiation with conventional anti-CMV therapies for refractory or resistant CMV. METHODS: This was a multi-country, retrospective medical chart review study of HCT/SOT recipients with refractory CMV infection with or without resistance (R/R) who were randomized to the maribavir arm in the open-label Phase 3 SOLSTICE trial...
October 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37489502/hepatitis-c-virus-hepatitis-b-virus-coinfection-current-prospectives
#12
REVIEW
Quratulain Maqsood, Aleena Sumrin, Maryam Iqbal, Saima Younas, Nazim Hussain, Muhammada Mahnoor, Abdul Wajid
In endemic areas, hepatitis C virus (HCV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is common, and patients with coinfection have a higher risk of developing liver disease such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. In such cases, HCV predominates, and HBV replication is suppressed by HCV. HCV core proteins and interferons that are activated by HCV are responsible for the suppression of HBV. Immunosuppression is also seen in patients with HCV and HBV coinfections. A decrease in HCV-neutralizing antibody response and circulation of Th1-like Tfh cells is observed in patients with HCV and HBV coinfection...
August 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37382216/letter-to-the-editor-on-use-of-antibodies-from-convalescent-sera-in-the-treatment-of-moderate-and-severe-covid-19-infection
#13
EDITORIAL
Sarah B Nahhal, Bassem Awada, Joe-David Azzo, Rayyan Wazzi-Mkahal, Souha Kanj, Zeina A Kanafani
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37368845/fanconi-syndrome-diabetes-insipidus-and-acute-kidney-injury-due-to-tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate-a-case-report
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nthabiseng Zilwa, Onalethata Mpejane, Golam Mehboob, Sajan Gill, Thomas Kalinoski
BACKGROUND: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is widely used in Botswana as part of the first-line antiretroviral regimen in the 'Treat All' strategy implemented in 2016 by the Ministry of Health. Its use has been associated with several uncommon adverse renal effects, though rarely all in conjunction or without the combined use of protease inhibitors. CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old woman living with HIV whose viral load is suppressed on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine, and dolutegravir presented with 1 day of generalized weakness and myalgia causing an inability to ambulate...
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37289725/feminizing-hormone-therapy-in-a-canadian-cohort-of-transgender-women-with-and-without-hiv
#15
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Ian Armstrong, Ashley Lacombe-Duncan, Mostafa Shokoohi, Yasmeen Persad, Alice Tseng, Raymond Fung, Angela Underhill, Pierre Côté, Nimâ Machouf, Adrien Saucier, Brenda Varriano, Monica Brundage, Reilly Jones, Thea Weisdorf, John Goodhew, John MacLeod, Mona Loutfy
BACKGROUND: Potential bidirectional drug-drug interactions between feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are of concern for trans women with HIV and their healthcare providers. This study aimed to characterize patterns of FHT and ART among trans women with HIV and to compare serum hormone levels to trans women without HIV. METHODS: Charts of trans women were reviewed at seven HIV primary care or endocrinology clinics in Toronto and Montreal from 2018 to 2019...
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37226302/genotypic-and-phenotypic-characterization-of-influenza-a-viral-variants-in-study-participants-treated-with-pimodivir-in-the-phase-2b-topaz-study
#16
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Johan Vingerhoets, Ilse Van Dromme, Wilbert van Duijnhoven, David Anderson, Sandra De Meyer, Lorant Leopold
BACKGROUND: Pimodivir is a first-in-class polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) subunit inhibitor of the influenza A polymerase complex. The randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled phase 2b TOPAZ study demonstrated antiviral activity and safety of twice daily pimodivir alone (300 mg, 600 mg) or in combination with oseltamivir (pimodivir 600 mg, oseltamivir 75 mg) in adult study participants with acute uncomplicated influenza A. The detailed genotypic and phenotypic characterization of viral variants observed in this study are reported...
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37212748/the-evolution-of-clinical-study-design-in-heavily-treatment-experienced-persons-with-hiv-a-critical-review
#17
REVIEW
Judith A Aberg, Anthony Mills, Santiago Moreno, Jill Slater, Manyu Prakash, Andrew Clark
Heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) persons with HIV have limited options for antiretroviral therapy and face many challenges, complicating their disease management. There is an ongoing need for new antiretrovirals and treatment strategies for this population. We reviewed the study designs, baseline characteristics, and results of clinical trials that enrolled HTE persons with HIV. A PubMed literature search retrieved articles published between 1995 and 2020, which were grouped by trial start date (1995-2009, N = 89; 2010-2014, N = 3; 2015-2020, N = 2)...
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37199270/a-single-oral-dose-of-the-tlr7-agonist-jnj-64794964-induces-transcriptomic-and-phenotypic-changes-in-peripheral-immune-cells-in-healthy-adults
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wim Pierson, Marianne Tuefferd, Florence Herschke, Leen Slaets, Marjolein Crabbe, Dorien Verstappen, Steffi De Pelsmaeker, Ian Strickland, Edward J Gane, Christian Schwabe, Yingjie Zhang, Peter Meerts, Joris Vandenbossche, Pieter Van Remoortere, Inge Verbrugge, An De Creus
BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is responsible for major disease burden worldwide. However, the number of available therapies is limited; cure remains an elusive goal. JNJ-64794964 (JNJ-4964) is an oral toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) agonist being evaluated for the treatment of CHB. Here, we investigated the capacity of JNJ-4964 to induce transcriptomic and immune cell changes in peripheral blood in healthy volunteers. METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected in the JNJ-4964 first-in-human phase 1 trial at multiple time points to assess transcriptomics and changes in frequency and phenotype of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells...
June 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37114944/lipid-and-glucose-abnormalities-and-associated-factors-among-children-living-with-hiv-in-asia
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tulathip Suwanlerk, Dhanushi Rupasinghe, Watsamon Jantarabenjakul, Vu T An, Jeremy L Ross, Azar Kariminia, Nguyen Van Lam, Aarti Kinikar, Pradthana Ounchanum, Thanyawee Puthanakit, Nik K Nik Yusoff, Pagakrong Lumbiganon, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Do C Viet, Tavitiya Sudjaritruk, Fong S Moy, Dewi K Wati, Thahira J Mohamed, Revathy Nallusamy, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Vohith Khol, Truong H Khanh, Nia Kurniati
BACKGROUND: Children living with HIV (CLHIV) on prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) are at risk for lipid and glucose abnormalities. Prevalence and associated factors were assessed in a multicentre, Asian longitudinal paediatric cohort. METHODS: CLHIV were considered to have lipid or glucose abnormalities if they had total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ≤35 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥100 mg/dL, triglycerides (TG) ≥110 mg/dL, or fasting glucose >110 mg/dL...
April 2023: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37038365/abacavir-safety-and-effectiveness-in-young-infants-with-hiv-in-south-african-observational-cohorts
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reneé de Waal, Helena Rabie, Karl-Günter Technau, Brian Eley, Nosisa Sipambo, Mark Cotton, Andrew Boulle, Robin Wood, Frank Tanser, Geoffrey Fatti, Matthias Egger, Mary-Ann Davies
BACKGROUND: WHO guidelines recommend abacavir in first-line antiretroviral treatment for children and neonates. However, there is no approved dose <3 months of age, and data in neonates are limited. METHODS: We included infants who initiated ART aged <3 months, between 2006 and 2019, in nine South African cohorts. In those who received abacavir or zidovudine, we described antiretroviral discontinuation rates; and 6- and 12-month viral suppression (<400 copies/mL)...
February 2023: Antiviral Therapy
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