AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Background: Contrast-enhanced MRI is commonly used to evaluate thoracic central venous patency in children and young adults. A flow-independent, noncontrast non-ECG-gated 3D MR angiography-MR venography (MRV) technique described in 2019 ["relaxation-enhanced angiography without contrast and triggering" (REACT)] may facilitate such evaluation. Objective: To compare image quality, diagnostic confidence, and interreader agreement between respiratory-triggered REACT and 3D Dixon-based contrast-enhanced MRV (CE-MRV) for evaluating thoracic central venous patency in children and young adults...

Background: Distal pancreatitis is an atypical imaging subtype of acute pancreatitis involving only the pancreatic body and tail, with sparing of the head. If no cause is identified, then suspicion for a small imaging-occult cancer may be warranted. Objective: To determine the frequency of subsequently diagnosed pancreatic cancer in patients with unexplained acute distal pancreatitis and to compare this frequency to that found in patients with unexplained nondistal pancreatitis. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020 showing acute pancreatitis without identifiable explanation...

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Background: A major cause of burnout is moral distress: when one knows the right course of action, but institutional constraints make the right course impossible to pursue. Objective: To assess the frequency and severity with which radiologists experience moral distress, and to explore root causes and countermeasures. Methods: This study entailed a national survey evaluating moral distress in radiology. The survey incorporated the validated Moral Distress Scale for Health Care Professionals (along with additional questions)...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Background: Existing gaps in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) diagnosis and treatment have prompted calls for systemic change in the approach to this disease. One proposed change is opportunistic assessment for enlarged parathyroid glands on routine CT examinations, to target biochemical testing to individuals most likely to have undiagnosed PHPT. Objective: To assess the utility of a radiologist recommendation for biochemical testing in patients with a suspected enlarged parathyroid gland on routine CT for identifying previously undiagnosed PHPT...

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Background: Newspapers are an important source of information for the public about low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening (LCS) and may influence public perception and knowledge of this important cancer screening service. Objective: To evaluate the volume, content, and other characteristics of articles pertaining to LCS that have been published in U.S. newspapers. Methods: The ProQuest U.S. Newsstream database was searched for U.S. newspaper articles referring to LCS published between January 1, 2010 (the year of publication of the National Lung Screening Trial results) and March 28, 2022...

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Gender representation in radiology has traditionally been evaluated and reported through binary models, accompanied by advocacy efforts focused on increasing the number of women in radiology. A paucity of data exists to understand the radiology workforce's entire gender composition, including representation of people who are transgender and gender diverse (TGD). Further, little information exists on how to provide a supportive work environment for radiologists and support staff who identify as belonging to an underrepresented gender minority group...

Background: Patients with nonmucinous rectal adenocarcinoma may develop mucinous changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, described as mucinous degeneration. The finding's significance in earlier studies has varied. Objective: To assess the frequency of mucinous degeneration on MRI after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal adenocarcinoma and to compare outcomes among patients with nonmucinous tumor, mucinous tumor, and mucinous degeneration on MRI. Methods: This retrospective study included 201 patients (mean age, 61...

Background: PET/CT using 18F-fluoroestradiol (FES) (FDA-approved in 2020) reveals tissues expressing estrogen receptors (ER). Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is commonly ER-positive. Objective: This study's primary aim was to assess the frequency with which sites of histologically proven ILC show abnormal uptake on FES PET/CT. Methods: This prospective single-center pilot study, conducted from December 2020 to August 2021, enrolled patients with histologically confirmed ILC to undergo FES PET/CT; patients optionally underwent FDG PET/CT...

BACKGROUND. Adrenal masses are often indeterminate on single-phase postcontrast CT. Dual-energy CT (DECT) with three-material decomposition algorithms may aid characterization. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of metrics derived from portal venous phase DECT, including virtual noncontrast (VNC) attenuation, fat fraction, iodine density, and relative enhancement ratio, for characterizing adrenal masses. METHODS. This retrospective study included 128 patients (82 women, 46 men; mean age, 64...

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Background: Given ongoing administration of booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines, radiologists are continuing to encounter COVID-19 vaccine-related axillary lymphadenopathy on imaging. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the time to resolution of COVID-19 vaccine-related axillary lymphadenopathy identified on breast ultrasound after a booster dose, and to assess factors potentially associated with the time to resolution. Methods: This retrospective single-institution study included 54 patients (mean age, 57 years) with unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy ipsilateral to a booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine visualized on ultrasound (whether an initial breast imaging examination or follow-up to prior screening or diagnostic breast imaging) performed between September 1st, 2021, and December 31st, 2022, and who underwent follow-up ultrasound examinations until resolution of lymphadenopathy...

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