AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To assess Kaposi sarcoma (KS) by HIV-status in Sweden 1983-2017, with particular focus on extracutaneous KS. DESIGN: Population-based study linking the Total Population Registry, the Swedish HIV Registry InfCareHIV, and the Swedish Cancer Registry. METHODS: We included all Swedish residents, born in or outside Sweden between 1940 and 2000 (n = 8 587 829), assessing the annual incidence of KS, adjusted hazard ratios (adjHR), and odds ratios (adjOR) in the pre- and post-combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) eras...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the reversibility of ≥7% weight gain (WG) within 12 months following TAF- and/or INSTI-discontinuation in people with HIV (PWH) from the Dutch ATHENA cohort. DESIGN AND METHODS: PWH with ≥7% WG within 24 months after first switch to TAF and/or INSTI whilst being virally suppressed were selected, excluding those with comorbidities/co-medication known to be associated with WG. PWH who discontinued only TAF, only INSTI or TAF+INSTI, with available follow-up weight, were included...

OBJECTIVE: To assess updated mortality and causes of death in people living with HIV (PLWH) in France. DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed all deaths in PLWH followed up between 01/01/2020 and 31/12/2021 in 11 hospitals in the Paris region. We described the characteristics and causes of death among deceased PLWH, and evaluated the incidence of mortality and associated risk factors using a multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 12942 patients followed in 2020-2021, 202 deaths occurred...

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OBJECTIVES: People with HIV (PWH) are more likely to develop electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities. Substantial evidence exists for genetic contribution to ECG parameters among general population. However, whether and how would host genome associate with ECG parameters among PWH is unclear. Our research aims to analyze and compare genetic variants, mapped genes and enriched pathways of ECG parameters among PWH and HIV-negative controls. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study...

OBJECTIVE: Viral failure in people living with HIV (PLWH) may be influenced by multiple socio-behavioral, clinical, and context-specific factors, and supervised learning approaches may identify novel predictors. We compared the performance of two supervised learning algorithms to predict viral failure in four African countries. DESIGN: Cohort study. METHODS: The African Cohort Study is an ongoing, longitudinal cohort enrolling PLWH at 12 sites in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria...

OBJECTIVES: Chemokine receptor CCR5 is the principal co-receptor for entry of M-tropic HIV virus into immune cells. It is expressed in the central nervous system and may contribute to neuro-inflammation. The CCR5 antagonist maraviroc (MVC) has been suggested to improve HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI). DESIGN: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48-week, randomized study of MVC vs placebo in people living with HIV (PLWH) on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) > 1 year in Hawaii and Puerto Rico with plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL and at least mild NCI defined as an overall or domain-specific neuropsychological (NP) Z score < -0...

OBJECTIVE: To assess antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Canada and identify baseline characteristics associated with suboptimal adherence (<95%). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study using data from the National Prescription Drug Utilization Information System and Régie de l'assurance maladie Quebec (RAMQ) Public Prescription Drug Insurance Plan. METHODS: This analysis included PLHIV aged 18 years or older who initiated an ART regimen and were followed for at least 12 months (2010-2020)...

OBJECTIVES: We describe the first case of HIV-1 infection in the setting of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to occur in the real world. DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: Electronic medical records were reviewed to assess patient history and CABLA administration details. Plasma 4th generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay and HIV-1 RNA quantitative PCR were performed at each injection visit...

OBJECTIVE: Over 480 000 Ukrainian refugees have arrived in the Czech Republic since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, including over 500 people with HIV. This study describes the demographics, characteristics, and management of Ukrainian refugees with HIV in the Czech Republic. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational, non-interventional study. METHODS: Ukrainian nationals registering at HIV centers in the Czech Republic with war refugee status were included...

OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to identify measles and rubella immunity gaps among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Zambia despite high measles vaccine coverage and widespread access to antiretroviral therapy. DESIGN: Nationally representative cross-sectional serosurvey using biorepository specimens. METHODS: Blood specimens collected in the Zambia Population HIV Impact Assessment survey (ZAMPHIA) of 2016 were tested for measles and rubella IgG antibodies by enzyme immunoassay...

OBJECTIVES: In 2018, the Botswana Tsepamo Study reported a nine-fold increased risk of neural tube defects in infants whose mothers were treated with dolutegravir (DTG) from the time of conception. As maternal folate supplementation and status is a well-known modifier of neural tube defect (NTD) risk, we sought to evaluate birth outcomes in mice fed normal and low folic acid diets treated with DTG during pregnancy. DESIGN: DTG was evaluated for developmental toxicity using pregnant mice fed normal or low folic acid diet...

OBJECTIVES: People with HIV (PWH) are aging and are experiencing higher rates of abdominal adiposity. Physical activity is an effective non-pharmacological strategy to reduce adiposity in the general aging population. Yet, the relationship between physical activity and adiposity in people with well-controlled HIV is unclear. Our objective was to describe the association between objectively-measured physical activity and abdominal adiposity in PWH. METHODS: As part of the multisite, observational PROSPER-HIV study, virologically suppressed, adult PWH wore an Actigraph accelerometer for 7-10 days and completed duplicate waist and hip circumference measures...

OBJECTIVES: HIV-induced immunodeficiency contributes to an increased risk of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADC). This study aims to identify the most predictive viral load (VL) or CD4 measures of NADC risk among people living with HIV (PLWH). DESIGN: Extracted from South Carolina electronic HIV reporting system, we studied adult PLWH who were cancer-free at baseline and had at least 6 months of follow-up since HIV diagnosis between January 2005 and December 2020...

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In 2021, there were an estimated 153 500 persons aged at least 13 years with undiagnosed HIV infection. Estimated rates among Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, and White persons were used to assess disparity trends from 2017 to 2021. Rates decreased across two absolute and relative disparity measures. Despite these declines, Black and Hispanic persons had rates 8.3 and 4.2 times the rate of White persons in 2021. Increased testing and innovative efforts are needed to address HIV-related disparities...

Seven patients with HIV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (HIV-DLBCL) who did not derive benefit from traditional first-line or second-line chemotherapy were all eventually treated with zanubrutinib, rituximab, and lenalidomide (the ZR2 regimen). Three patients had a complete response, three had a partial response, and one showed stable disease. The complete response rate was 42.9%, the overall response rate was 85.7%. Three patients developed either neutropenia or thrombocytopenia, and one died of lung infection 3 months after diagnosis...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.