Acta Paediatrica

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AIM: As it is now 20 years since the San Diego definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) was proposed it is timely to examine the impact of this consensus statement. RESULTS: Concerns at the time were expressed that 'death scene' had been replaced by circumstances of death' and so it may have been more useful to have a more inclusive statement of 'death scene, including circumstances of death'. The category of unclassified sudden infant deaths (USID) that was proposed has not been widely adopted...

AIM: To determine the pre-discharge carbon dioxide (CO2 ) levels of preterm neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) requiring ongoing nasal cannulae oxygen therapy and who were ready for discharge home. METHODS: We studied a retrospective cohort of infants born <30 weeks gestational age (GA) at ≥36 weeks corrected GA who had established BPD requiring ongoing nasal cannulae oxygen therapy and were ready for discharge home. Neonates were born and admitted between May 2014 and Dec 2018...

AIM: To systematically review the clinical features and outcomes of pediatric patients developing neurological complications associated with a rotavirus infection. METHODS: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed, including articles published from 1984 to 2020. Neurological complications were classified into four groups: encephalitis, cerebellitis, encephalo-cerebellitis and benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). RESULTS: Out of 68 reports that fulfilled the research criteria, 99 cases of CwG, 39 cases of encephalitis, 18 cases of encephalo-cerebellitis and five cases of cerebellitis were collected...

AIM: Our aim was to identify predictors of fine and gross motor skills at five to six years of age using postural balance under sensory manipulation. METHODS: This study was conducted during the 2021-2022 academic year and focused on 112 children from three preschools in Tunisia, with roughly the same socioeconomic status. Postural balance was assessed with their eyes open and closed on both firm and foam surfaces and motor skills were measured using the short version of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (Bot-2)...

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AIM: To determine the relationship between medical staff's response time (RT) to oxygen saturation (SpO2) below 80% and the associated time from tactile intervention until SpO2 normalization (CT). METHODS: Time-lapse video and continuous SpO2 were recorded for six consecutive 24h periods. Regression analyses of RT and SpO2 in association with postmenstrual age (PMA), weight, infant sex, and frequency of intermittent hypoxemia (IH). RESULTS: 512 hypoxemia episodes received tactile intervention in 20 extremely preterm infants (gestational age≤28 weeks, birthweight<1500g)...

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AIM: Whereas there is agreement, that surfactant should be administered without mechanical ventilation, there is still a debate concerning the optimal method. DD-SURF combines the benefits of INSURE and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA). The efficacy of this approach has not been evaluated yet. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of all preterm newborns below 300/7 weeks gestational age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Data on surfactant therapy, respiratory support during the first 96 hours of life and neonatal morbidities until hospital discharge were collected from the electronic patient charts to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our approach...

AIM: Impaired resilience to stress may be a factor in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). However, no comprehensive studies have been performed on polymorphisms that are relevant to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which regulates the stress hormone cortisol. METHODS: We analysed 22 relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 206 anonymised SIDS cases who died at a mean of 131 days (range 5-343) and 256 adult controls who were recruited from paternity testing cases...

Mothers have been very hesitant about breastfeeding when they have COVID-19 infection or vaccinations. Maternal milk protects neonates through its high biological value, immune factors and anti-infectious molecules and this review shows that the virus that causes COVID-19 is not transmitted through breast milk. COVID-19 vaccines induce anti-spike antibodies with neutralising capacity, and phagocytosis, and no vaccine particles or messenger ribonucleic acid have been detected in breast milk. Most drugs used for maternal COVID-19 infections are safe for breastfed infants...

AIM: The present study aimed to develop age- and sex-specific anthropometric reference growth curves for the Pakistani children, aged 1-60 months. METHODS: The weight and height of 60595 children including 30885 (50.96%) boys and 29710 (49.04%) girls from Pakistan were collected through a cross-sectional study. Growth reference charts about weight-for-age, length/height-for-age, and body BMI-for-age were constructed for boys and girls using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) with the Box-Cox power exponential distribution...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: Acute Epstein-Barr virus (aEBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections frequently have similar manifestations. We aim to evaluate the characteristics of aEBV infection, risk factors for hospitalization, and differences according to CMV IgM detection (EBV-CMV co-detection) in children. METHODS: Retrospective, single-center study including patients <16 years diagnosed with aEBV infection (positive anti-EBV IgM/Paul-Bunnell test, and acute symptomatology)...

AIM: Until 2001, the Swedish advice was to postpone the introduction of eggs, fish and peanuts until the age of one year. One reason was to reduce the risk of food allergy. The earlier introduction of complementary feeding is now advised. Our aim was to study adherence to current recommendations and whether the time of introduction changed between 2003 and 2018. METHODS: Data were obtained from two prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort studies of children born in 2003 (n=4,987) and in 2018 (n=3,936)...

AIM: To describe aEEG cyclicity, background pattern, voltage margins and maturation scores in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) in the first 72 hours. METHODS: Fifty infants with gestational age (GA) 230 - 276 weeks were prospectively studied. Infants with intraventricular hemorrhage ≦ Grade I and no disorders of transition [persistent pulmonary hypertension, hypotension, pulmonary hemorrhage] belonged to the 'Uncomplicated' group and those with intraventricular hemorrhage > Grade I and/or disorders of transition, to the 'Complicated' group...

AIM: To investigate psychometric properties, reliability and validity, of Astrid Lindgren and Lund Children's Hospitals Pain and Stress Assessment Scale for Preterm and Sick Newborn Infants (ALPS-Neo), as a measure for procedural pain. METHODS: This observational, prospective study with a repeated measures design, explored inter-rater reliability by two raters assessing 21 neonates during non-pain and pain events. Construct validity was explored, i.e. ability to discriminate between non-pain and pain, and criterion validity by correlating ALPS-Neo with Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) and Skin Conductance Algesimeter (SCA) in 54 neonates without ventilator support and sedation undergoing routine heel-stick procedure in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.