Acta Paediatrica

AIM: Brain alterations in very preterm children at risk for developmental coordination disorder were investigated. METHODS: Infants born very preterm with gestation age <30 weeks or birthweight <1,250g were recruited from Royal Women's Hospital Melbourne from 2001 to 2003. Volumetric imaging was performed at term equivalent age; at seven years volumetric imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were performed. At seven years, 53 of 162 children without cerebral palsy had scores ≤16th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition and were considered at risk for developmental coordination disorder...

AIM: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy, which is confined to the gastrointestinal tract and occurs most frequently in the first year of life. Our aim was to examine the clinical features, causative agents and outcomes of Greek children with FPIES. METHODS: This was a five-year (2013-2017) retrospective study, based on chart reviews of 78 children with FPIES from six Greek paediatric allergy centres RESULTS: Only five children needed an oral food challenge (OFC) for diagnosis, but 54 children (69%) had OFCs to monitor tolerance development...

AIM: To investigate whether motor performance in school-age children without cerebral palsy, cooled for neonatal encephalopathy, is associated with perinatal factors and 18-month developmental scores and to explore relationships between school-age motor and cognitive performance. METHODS: Motor and cognitive performance was assessed in 29 previously cooled children at 6-8 years using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)...

AIM: General movement assessment requires substantial expertise for accurate visual interpretation. Our aim was to evaluate an automated pose estimation method, using conventional video records, to see if it could capture infant movements using objective biomarkers. METHODS: We selected archived videos from 21 infants aged 8-17 weeks who had taken part in studies at the IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation (Italy), from 2011-2017. Of these, 14 presented with typical low-risk movements, while seven presented with atypical movements and were later diagnosed with cerebral palsy...

AIM: Abdominal pain is a frequent reason for paediatric emergency department visits, but specific research is lacking. Our aim was to obtain information on the diagnosis of abdominal pain and what healthcare services children with this condition need. METHODS: This retrospective study focused on patients visiting the emergency department of the Children's Hospital Iceland in 2010 with abdominal pain and any subsequent visits up to 1 January 2015. RESULTS: There were 11,340 visits to the emergency department in 2010 and 1,118 children made 1,414 (12%) visits due to abdominal pain...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Physical activity (PA) has been associated with several health benefits in children, while inactivity has been associated with various diseases. The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 60 minutes of PA per day for children, but only 20% of 11 to 17-year-old children achieve this. A better understanding of the socio-ecological factors that underlie PA habits may lead to more effective interventions that increase childhood PA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

AIM: The primary objective was to assess the effect of prematurity at term-equivalent age on skin conductance and behavioural responses to acute stress. The secondary objective was to explore the reliability of skin conductance in detecting neonatal discomfort in preterm and full-term populations. METHODS: Very preterm infants at term-equivalent age and healthy full-term neonates, 34 infants in each group, underwent the hip dysplasia screening test. The acute pain in newborn infants (APN) scale was scored before and 15, 45 and 90 seconds after stimulus...

Haematohidrosis is a rare and dramatic condition in which bleeding occurs spontaneously from intact skin. We report the case of a nine-year-old boy with a typical clinical presentation. The case highlights how challenging it can be for medical professionals to recognize and evaluate rare conditions. A review of the literature was performed, showing that haematohidrosis is mainly a paediatric condition. Our case together with findings from the review indicates that treatment with Beta blockers may be effective for treatment of haematohidrosis in children...

Less than thirty percent of all marketed drugs worldwide have a paediatric licensing, and less than fifty percent of all marketed drugs are registered for children; in neonates less than ten percent (1, 2). This is not a fair situation since children should have the same right and access to tested medicines as adults. Even so, we see that off-label drugs are increasingly prescribed to children of all ages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: Obesity may start early in life. We investigated relationships between size and body composition variables in infancy and at four years of age using valid estimates of body composition. The results were compared to those obtained when body mass index (BMI) was used to estimate body fatness at four years. METHODS: Using air displacement plethysmography, size, fat mass and fat-free mass were studied, between 2007 and 2015, in 253 full-term healthy Swedish children at one week, 12 weeks and four years of age...

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AIM: Improved survival rates for premature infants have also increased the population at risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC). This study evaluated the outcomes of surgically treated NEC and identified risk factors for mortality, intestinal failure (IF) and IF associated liver disease (IFALD). METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of 131 infants with surgically treated NEC from 1976 to 2016 in a Swedish tertiary referral centre: 20 in 1976-1996, 33 in 1997-2006 and 78 in 2007-2016...

We agree with Dr. Meyer (1) that socioeconomic disparities are far from being solved and, in fact, US disparities have increased in the past decade. Most studies on socioeconomic status attempt to disentangle specific factors mediating the inequities linked with poor health outcomes. Because of complex interactions between individual factors, we proposed a socioeconomic adversity index (SAI) combining such factors in the US(2). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

AIM: Structured light plethysmography (SLP) is a novel light-based method that captures chest wall movements to evaluate tidal breathing. We carried out a narrative mini-review of the clinical use of SLP in paediatrics. METHODS: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for papers published in English up to December 2018. This identified a methodology paper published in 2010 and eight full papers, including three paediatric studies and one paediatric case report. We also included data from eight conference abstracts and one clinical case study...

AIM: The current study determined survival, short-term neonatal morbidity and predictors for death or adverse outcome of very preterm infants in Austria. METHODS: This population-based cohort study included 5,197 very preterm infants (53.3% boys) born between 2011 and 2016 recruited from the Austrian Preterm Outcome Registry. Main outcome measures were gestational age-related mortality and major short-term morbidities. RESULTS: Overall survival rate of all live-born infants included was 91...