collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31358311/anca-associated-vasculitis-core-curriculum-2020
#1
REVIEW
Duvuru Geetha, J Ashley Jefferson
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation and destruction of small- and medium-sized blood vessels and the presence of circulating ANCA. Clinical disease phenotypes include granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and renal-limited vasculitis. Serologic classification of AAV into proteinase 3-ANCA disease and myeloperoxidase-ANCA disease correlates with a number of disease characteristics...
July 26, 2019: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27941935/renal-metabolic-and-cardiovascular-considerations-of-sglt2-inhibition
#2
REVIEW
Ralph A DeFronzo, Luke Norton, Muhammad Abdul-Ghani
The kidney has a pivotal role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by using glucose as a metabolic fuel, by producing glucose through gluconeogenesis, and by reabsorbing all filtered glucose through the sodium-glucose cotransporters SGLT1 and SGLT2 located in the proximal tubule. In patients with diabetes, the maximum glucose reabsorptive capacity (TmG ) of the kidney, as well as the threshold for glucose spillage into the urine, are elevated, contributing to the pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia. By reducing the TmG and, more importantly, the threshold of glucosuria, SGLT2 inhibitors enhance glucose excretion, leading to a reduction in fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels and improvements in both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity...
January 2017: Nature Reviews. Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26725894/hcv-and-the-kidney
#3
REVIEW
Marion Corouge, Anaïs Vallet-Pichard, Stanislas Pol
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is significantly associated with a risk of renal deterioration over time. Renal impairment, especially stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease, increases the risk of: (i) the prevalence and incidence (in dialysis/transplantation) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; (ii) liver deterioration during kidney transplantation and (iii) allograft failure and patient mortality. HCV-infected dialysis patients have a higher mortality than non-infected dialysis patients and than HCV-infected kidney recipients...
January 2016: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27066939/hyponatremia-in-cancer-patients-time-for-a-new-approach
#4
REVIEW
Rossana Berardi, Silvia Rinaldi, Miriam Caramanti, Christian Grohè, Matteo Santoni, Francesca Morgese, Mariangela Torniai, Agnese Savini, Ilaria Fiordoliva, Stefano Cascinu
Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in cancer patients. It may be related to cancer, to anti-cancer therapy or to other concomitant treatments. In this setting hyponatremia is often caused by the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion, which is due to the ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin), to extracellular fluid depletion, to renal toxicity caused by chemotherapy or to other underlying conditions. Recent studies suggested that hyponatremia might be considered a negative prognostic factor for cancer patients therefore its early detection, monitoring and management might improve the patient's outcome...
June 2016: Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27085376/membranous-nephropathy-a-journey-from-bench-to-bedside
#5
REVIEW
Jean M Francis, Laurence H Beck, David J Salant
Lessons from an animal model that faithfully resembles human membranous nephropathy (MN) have informed our understanding of the pathogenesis of this organ-specific autoimmune disease and common cause of nephrotic syndrome. After it was established that the subepithelial immune deposits that characterize experimental MN form in situ when circulating antibodies bind to an intrinsic podocyte antigen, it was merely a matter of time before the human antigen was identified. The M-type phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R) represents the major target antigen in primary MN, and thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) was more recently identified as a minor antigen...
July 2016: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22019332/urgent-start-peritoneal-dialysis-a-quality-improvement-report
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arshia Ghaffari
BACKGROUND: Compared with hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a cost-effective and patient-centered option with an early survival advantage, yet only 7% of patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States receive PD. PD underutilization is due in part to nephrologists' unfamiliarity with directly starting PD in patients who present with kidney failure requiring urgent initiation of dialysis. DESIGN: Quality improvement report. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Single-center study whereby 18 patients who presented urgently with chronic kidney disease stage 5 without a plan for dialysis modality were offered PD as the initial modality of dialysis...
March 2012: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26785065/optimal-management-of-bone-mineral-disorders-in-chronic-kidney-disease-and-end-stage-renal-disease
#7
REVIEW
Andrew L Lundquist, Sagar U Nigwekar
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review summarizes recent studies on chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders, with a focus on new developments in disease management. RECENT FINDINGS: The term chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder has come to describe an increasingly complex network of alterations in minerals and skeletal disorders that contribute to the significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality seen in patients with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease...
March 2016: Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23830537/oxalate-nephropathy-due-to-juicing-case-report-and-review
#8
REVIEW
Jane E Getting, James R Gregoire, Ashley Phul, Mary J Kasten
A patient presented with oxalate-induced acute renal failure that was attributable to consumption of oxalate-rich fruit and vegetable juices obtained from juicing. We describe the case and also review the clinical presentation of 65 patients seen at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) from 1985 through 2010 with renal failure and biopsy-proven renal calcium oxalate crystals. The cause of renal oxalosis was identified for all patients: a single cause for 36 patients and at least 2 causes for 29 patients. Three patients, including our index patient, had presumed diet-induced oxalate nephropathy in the context of chronic kidney disease...
September 2013: American Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23546565/medical-management-to-prevent-recurrent-nephrolithiasis-in-adults-a-systematic-review-for-an-american-college-of-physicians-clinical-guideline
#9
REVIEW
Howard A Fink, Timothy J Wilt, Keith E Eidman, Pranav S Garimella, Roderick MacDonald, Indulis R Rutks, Michelle Brasure, Robert L Kane, Jeannine Ouellette, Manoj Monga
BACKGROUND: Optimum management to prevent recurrent kidney stones is uncertain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the benefits and harms of interventions to prevent recurrent kidney stones. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Cochrane, and other databases through September 2012 and reference lists of systematic reviews and randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). STUDY SELECTION: 28 English-language RCTs that studied treatments to prevent recurrent kidney stones and reported stone outcomes...
April 2, 2013: Annals of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21366472/diuretic-strategies-in-patients-with-acute-decompensated-heart-failure
#10
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
G Michael Felker, Kerry L Lee, David A Bull, Margaret M Redfield, Lynne W Stevenson, Steven R Goldsmith, Martin M LeWinter, Anita Deswal, Jean L Rouleau, Elizabeth O Ofili, Kevin J Anstrom, Adrian F Hernandez, Steven E McNulty, Eric J Velazquez, Abdallah G Kfoury, Horng H Chen, Michael M Givertz, Marc J Semigran, Bradley A Bart, Alice M Mascette, Eugene Braunwald, Christopher M O'Connor
BACKGROUND: Loop diuretics are an essential component of therapy for patients with acute decompensated heart failure, but there are few prospective data to guide their use. METHODS: In a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned 308 patients with acute decompensated heart failure to receive furosemide administered intravenously by means of either a bolus every 12 hours or continuous infusion and at either a low dose (equivalent to the patient's previous oral dose) or a high dose (2...
March 3, 2011: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17890258/hepatorenal-syndrome-current-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-concepts
#11
REVIEW
Michael Schepke
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2007: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15312208/bench-to-bedside-review-treating-acid-base-abnormalities-in-the-intensive-care-unit-the-role-of-buffers
#12
REVIEW
Brian K Gehlbach, Gregory A Schmidt
The recognition and management of acid-base disorders is a commonplace activity for intensivists. Despite the frequency with which non-bicarbonate-losing forms of metabolic acidosis such as lactic acidosis occurs in critically ill patients, treatment is controversial. This article describes the properties of several buffering agents and reviews the evidence for their clinical efficacy. The evidence supporting and refuting attempts to correct arterial pH through the administration of currently available buffers is presented...
August 2004: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
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