collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31995679/medication-options-and-clinical-strategies-for-treating-tardive-dyskinesia
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leslie L Citrome
Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine are FDA-approved as treatment for tardive dyskinesia (TD). Both medications are vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors, and both are effective for reducing TD symptoms. Clinicians need to be aware of the adverse effects of valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, as well as other key differences between the two, in order to individualize treatment. Using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale assists clinicians in assessing progress for each patient. Treating TD effectively with these new medications will reduce the burden of the condition for patients...
January 28, 2020: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31851437/fda-approved-medications-to-treat-tardive-dyskinesia
#2
REVIEW
Joseph P McEvoy
Tardive dyskinesia (TD), a condition characterized by involuntary movements, is found in patients taking antipsychotics or other agents that block dopamine receptors. Symptoms of TD are associated with reduced quality of life, psychosocial problems, and medication nonadherence. Few agents tested in the treatment of TD had sufficient data to support or refute their use, until recently. A review of new evidence was combined with the existing guideline to provide new treatment recommendations. This activity provides an overview of treatments for patients with TD, including valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, which both received FDA approval for the treatment of TD...
December 17, 2019: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31664453/schizophrenia-an-overview
#3
REVIEW
Robert A McCutcheon, Tiago Reis Marques, Oliver D Howes
IMPORTANCE: Schizophrenia is a common, severe mental illness that most clinicians will encounter regularly during their practice. This report provides an overview of the clinical characteristics, epidemiology, genetics, neuroscience, and psychopharmacology of schizophrenia to provide a basis to understand the disorder and its treatment. This educational review is integrated with a clinical case to highlight how recent research findings can inform clinical understanding. OBSERVATIONS: The first theme considered is the role of early-life environmental and genetic risk factors in altering neurodevelopmental trajectories to predispose an individual to the disorder and leading to the development of prodromal symptoms...
February 1, 2020: JAMA Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30503765/weight-gain-and-metabolic-change-as-predictors-of-symptom-improvement-in-first-episode-schizophrenia-spectrum-disorder-patients-treated-over-12-months
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Luckhoff, L Phahladira, F Scheffler, L Asmal, S du Plessis, B Chiliza, S Kilian, R Emsley
BACKGROUND: Treatment-emergent weight gain is associated with antipsychotic efficacy in schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine and olanzapine. However, few studies have investigated this relationship in first-episode patients treated with other antipsychotics, in particular those with a lower obesogenic potential. Aim To investigate the relationships between weight gain and associated metabolic changes with psychopathology improvement in relation to age, sex, ethnicity, substance use, treatment duration and antipsychotic dose in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients...
April 2019: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29621900/20-year-nationwide-follow-up-study-on-discontinuation-of-antipsychotic-treatment-in-first-episode-schizophrenia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jari Tiihonen, Antti Tanskanen, Heidi Taipale
OBJECTIVE: It is generally believed that after the first episode of schizophrenia, the risk of relapse decreases with time in patients who are stabilized. Many treatment guidelines recommend that after stabilization, antipsychotic treatment should be continued for 1-5 years, and longer exposure should be avoided if possible. However, there is no published evidence to substantiate this view. The authors used nationwide databases to investigate this issue. METHOD: Prospectively gathered nationwide register data were used to study the risk of treatment failure (psychiatric rehospitalization or death) after discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment...
August 1, 2018: American Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30380939/cigarette-smoking-cognitive-performance-and-severe-mental-illness-quitting-smoking-really-does-seem-to-matter
#6
EDITORIAL
Philip D Harvey
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 1, 2018: American Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28965780/drug-related-predictors-of-readmission-for-schizophrenia-among-patients-admitted-to-treatment-for-drug-use-disorders
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine Rømer Thomsen, Birgitte Thylstrup, Michael Mulbjerg Pedersen, Mads Uffe Pedersen, Erik Simonsen, Morten Hesse
BACKGROUND: Patients with schizophrenia and comorbid drug use disorders (DUD) have a severe course of illness. Despite strong evidence that drug use can exacerbate psychotic symptoms, we have limited knowledge of how specific drugs may increase risk of schizophrenia readmission in this group. This study aimed to assess drug-related predictors of readmission for schizophrenia among a national cohort of patients with a history of schizophrenia admitted to DUD treatment. METHODS: A record-linkage study was used to assess drug-related factors associated with readmission to mental health treatment for schizophrenia, using a consecutive cohort of 634 patients admitted to DUD treatment between 2000 and 2006 in Danish treatment services and tracked until February 2013 or death, controlling for baseline psychiatric treatment variables...
May 2018: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28541090/sixty-years-of-placebo-controlled-antipsychotic-drug-trials-in-acute-schizophrenia-systematic-review-bayesian-meta-analysis-and-meta-regression-of-efficacy-predictors
#8
REVIEW
Stefan Leucht, Claudia Leucht, Maximilian Huhn, Anna Chaimani, Dimitris Mavridis, Bartosz Helfer, Myrto Samara, Matteo Rabaioli, Susanne Bächer, Andrea Cipriani, John R Geddes, Georgia Salanti, John M Davis
OBJECTIVE: Antipsychotic drug efficacy may have decreased over recent decades. The authors present a meta-analysis of all placebo-controlled trials in patients with acute exacerbations of schizophrenia, and they investigate which trial characteristics have changed over the years and which are moderators of drug-placebo efficacy differences. METHOD: The search included multiple electronic databases. The outcomes were overall efficacy (primary outcome); responder and dropout rates; positive, negative, and depressive symptoms; quality of life; functioning; and major side effects...
October 1, 2017: American Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28659221/qtc-interval-in-patients-with-schizophrenia-receiving-antipsychotic-treatment-as-monotherapy-or-polypharmacy
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anja Elliott, Thibault Johan Mørk, Mikkel Højlund, Thomas Christensen, Rasmus Jeppesen, Nikolaj Madsen, Anne Grethe Viuff, Peter Hjorth, Jens Cosedis Nielsen, Povl Munk-Jørgensen
OBJECTIVE: Antipsychotics are associated with a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes, which, in the worst case, can lead to sudden cardiac death. The QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) is used as a clinical proxy for torsades de pointes. The QTc interval can be prolonged by antipsychotic monotherapy, but it is unknown if the QTc interval is prolonged further with antipsychotic polypharmaceutical treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between QTc interval and antipsychotic monotherapy and antipsychotic polypharmaceutical treatment in schizophrenia, and measured the frequency of QTc prolongation among patients...
August 2018: CNS Spectrums
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28590371/cocaine-abuse-traumatic-brain-injury-and-preexisting-brain-lesions-as-risk-factors-for-bupropion-associated-psychosis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajdip Barman, Sanjeev Kumar, Bhuvaneshwar Pagadala, Mark B Detweiler
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bupropion is generally considered safe and is widely used both as a monotherapy and as an augmentation agent for the treatment of major depression. Concerns have been raised about bupropion's propensity to precipitate new psychosis and worsen existing psychotic symptoms, although the mechanism is poorly understood. Three cases are reported in which bupropion use was associated with psychosis. The aim of the study was to explore the risk factors and possible mechanisms of psychosis in each case...
August 2017: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28355041/clozapine-augmentation-with-antiepileptic-drugs-for-treatment-resistant-schizophrenia-a-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Zheng, Yu-Tao Xiang, Xin-Hu Yang, Ying-Qiang Xiang, Jose de Leon
OBJECTIVE: To meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the efficacy and safety of adjunctive antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to augment clozapine therapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. DATA SOURCES: The search included databases in English (PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) and in Chinese (China Journal Net [CJN], WanFang, and China Biology Medicine [CBM]) and references from retrieved articles...
May 2017: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28255437/effects-of-a-smoking-ban-on-clozapine-plasma-concentrations-in-a-nonsecure-psychiatric-unit
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siobhan H Gee, David M Taylor, Sukhwinder S Shergill, Robert Flanagan, James H MacCabe
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoke is known to affect plasma levels of some drugs, including the antipsychotic clozapine. The effects of suddenly stopping smoking on patients who take clozapine can be severe, as plasma concentrations are expected to rapidly rise, potentially leading to toxicity. A ban on smoking at South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) was implemented in 2014, and this was expected to affect the plasma concentrations of clozapine for inpatients at the time...
February 2017: Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27727006/qtc-interval-lengthening-in-first-episode-schizophrenia-fes-patients-in-the-earliest-stages-of-antipsychotic-treatment
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Desheng Zhai, Yan Lang, Gaopan Dong, Yijun Liu, Xin Wang, Dushuang Zhou, Taizhen Cui, Yuxin Yang, Wenxi Zhang, Ying Zhao, Ruiling Zhang
Antipsychotic use is reported to be associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death and new users are especially susceptible to that risk. In this study, we focused on the ability of antipsychotics to prolong the QTc interval at the earliest stages of antipsychotic use. We employed a retrospective cohort study design in a naturalistic setting where having three ECG measurements over time (at baseline and after drug exposure) in antipsychotic-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia (FES) inpatients. The results revealed, in this relatively homogeneous, drug naïve FES patient sample, that QTc intervals were statistically significantly prolongated after a relatively short term (2-4weeks) of antipsychotic treatments, compared with baseline...
January 2017: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28202095/the-effects-of-vitamin-and-mineral-supplementation-on-symptoms-of-schizophrenia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#14
REVIEW
J Firth, B Stubbs, J Sarris, S Rosenbaum, S Teasdale, M Berk, A R Yung
BACKGROUND: When used as an adjunctive with antipsychotics, certain vitamins and minerals may be effective for improving symptomatic outcomes of schizophrenia, by restoring nutritional deficits, reducing oxidative stress, or modulating neurological pathways. METHOD: We conducted a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting effects of vitamin and/or mineral supplements on psychiatric symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate the standardized mean difference between nutrient and placebo treatments...
July 2017: Psychological Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28188887/neurobiological-underpinnings-and-modulating-factors-in-schizophrenia-spectrum-disorders-with-a-comorbid-substance-use-disorder-a-systematic-review
#15
REVIEW
Ana Adan, Arantxa Y Arredondo, Maria Del Mar Capella, Gemma Prat, Diego A Forero, José Francisco Navarro
Recently there is a growing interest in the interaction of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and substance use disorders (SUD), a condition named dual schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD+). While previous research has focused on clinical and cognitive aspects, little is known about the impact of comorbidity in the brain structure and functions. Evidence suggests that dual diagnosis patients, including SSD+, show a better neurocognitive functioning during the first years of illness, followed by a serious long-term decline...
April 2017: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21885577/substance-use-disorder-among-people-with-first-episode-psychosis-a-systematic-review-of-course-and-treatment
#16
REVIEW
Jennifer P Wisdom, Jennifer I Manuel, Robert E Drake
OBJECTIVE: People experiencing a first episode of psychosis frequently have co-occurring substance use disorders, usually involving alcohol and cannabis, which put them at risk for prolonged psychosis, psychotic relapse, and other adverse outcomes. Yet few studies of first-episode psychosis have addressed the course of substance use disorders and the response to specialized substance abuse treatments. METHODS: The authors searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and other medical databases for English-language articles published between 1990 and 2009...
September 2011: Psychiatric Services: a Journal of the American Psychiatric Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27863801/long-acting-injectable-antipsychotics-for-the-prevention-of-relapse-in-patients-with-recent-onset-psychotic-disorders-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#17
REVIEW
Taro Kishi, Kazuto Oya, Nakao Iwata
This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigated the advantages of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-APs) over oral antipsychotics (OAPs) with regard to efficacy and safety for patients with recent-onset psychotic disorders. Effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. We identified five RCTs (1022 patients, mean study duration=18±7.59 months) that compared LAI-APs (paliperidone or risperidone) with OAPs. Pooled LAI-APs did not outperform OAPs in terms of the preventing of relapse (N=3, n=875)...
December 30, 2016: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28112047/venous-thromboembolism-during-treatment-with-antipsychotics-results-of-a-drug-surveillance-programme
#18
MULTICENTER STUDY
Martin Letmaier, Renate Grohmann, Christiana Kren, Sermin Toto, Stefan Bleich, Rolf Engel, Thomas Gary, Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Anastasios Konstantinidis, Anna Katharina Holl, Annamaria Painold, Siegfried Kasper
OBJECTIVES: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can be a life-threatening medical condition that may lead to leg swelling, respiratory distress and death. METHODS: The AMSP (Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie) is a continuous multicentre drug surveillance programme that assesses severe adverse drug reactions during treatment of psychiatric inpatients. We report on a total of 264,422 inpatients who were treated with antipsychotics (APs) and monitored from 1993 to 2011 in 99 psychiatric hospitals...
April 2018: World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27282362/efficacy-and-safety-of-antidepressants-added-to-antipsychotics-for-schizophrenia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#19
REVIEW
Bartosz Helfer, Myrto T Samara, Maximilian Huhn, Elisabeth Klupp, Claudia Leucht, Yikang Zhu, Rolf R Engel, Stefan Leucht
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the safety and efficacy of antidepressants added to antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia. METHOD: Multiple databases and previous publications were searched through June 2015 to identify all randomized controlled trials of any add-on antidepressants compared with placebo or no-treatment in schizophrenia. Depressive and negative symptoms (primary outcomes), overall symptoms, positive symptoms, side effects, exacerbation of psychosis, and responder rates were examined...
September 1, 2016: American Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24584988/adding-evidence-based-interventions-to-assertive-community-treatment-a-feasibility-study
#20
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Sjoerd Sytema, Frederike Jörg, Roeline Nieboer, Lex Wunderink
OBJECTIVE: This 24-month study, conducted in The Netherlands, examined the feasibility of enhancing the effectiveness of assertive community treatment (ACT) by adding evidence-based interventions. METHODS: A total of 159 patients were randomly assigned to two ACT teams, one providing standard ACT (N585) and an ACT Plus team that also provided evidence-based interventions (N574): psychoeducation, family interventions, individual placement and support, and cognitive behavioral therapy...
May 1, 2014: Psychiatric Services: a Journal of the American Psychiatric Association
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